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Google Search API Parameters: gl, hl, tbs, page Explained

Google Search API parameters reference: gl (country), hl (language), tbs (time filters), page — with examples for all 12 supported countries.

1 min read

Getting the right results from a Google Search API is mostly about the parameters. Here’s the complete reference, using serp.cheap.

All parameters

ParameterTypeDefaultWhat it does
qstringrequiredThe search query
glstring"us"Country of results (geo-location)
hlstringcountry defaultDisplay/interface language
pageint1Results page (1-indexed)
tbsstringnoneTime filter (qdr:h/qdr:d/qdr:w)

gl — country (the one you’ll use most)

gl decides which Google you hit and which regional rankings you get. Supported: us, br, gb, de, fr, es, it, mx, ca, au, jp, nl.

-d '{"q": "beste elektroautos", "gl": "de"}'   # Germany
-d '{"q": "melhores carros elétricos", "gl": "br"}'  # Brazil

hl — language override

gl already sets a sensible default language. Use hl only when you want results in a different language than the country’s default:

-d '{"q": "best laptops", "gl": "ca", "hl": "fr"}'  # Canada, in French

tbs — time filter

Restrict to recent results — great for news, monitoring and trending topics:

-d '{"q": "ai news", "gl": "us", "tbs": "qdr:d"}'  # past 24 hours
ValueWindow
qdr:hPast hour
qdr:dPast day
qdr:wPast week

page — pagination

1-indexed; each page is a separate billed request. See getting 100 results.

Putting it together

curl https://api.serp.cheap/v1/search \
  -H "X-API-Key: YOUR_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"q": "mortgage rates", "gl": "us", "hl": "en", "page": 1, "tbs": "qdr:w"}'

Next

Try serp.cheap

Test every parameter above against live Google results. 100 free searches on signup — no card required; pay-as-you-go from $0.75/1k after that, and credits stay valid for 12 months.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between gl and hl?+

gl sets the geographic location (which country's results you get); hl sets the interface/display language. Most of the time you only need gl — the country sets a sensible default language.

What does the tbs parameter do?+

tbs applies a time filter: qdr:h (past hour), qdr:d (past day), qdr:w (past week). It's ideal for news and trending queries.

Which countries does serp.cheap support?+

12 countries: US, BR, GB, DE, FR, ES, IT, MX, CA, AU, JP, NL — each using the correct Google TLD and regional language.

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